Harden the container: non-root, pinned images and dependencies, the key in a file (B-91, SEC-51, SEC-52, SEC-53; closes B-71, B-72)

- app runs as uid 1000; a one-shot data-permissions service chowns ./data to it
  and closes it to others (works on an older root-owned install with no host sudo);
  files are created 0600 (umask 077)
- python:3.12-slim and caddy:2-alpine pinned by digest; dependencies installed from
  requirements.lock with --require-hashes
- the Fernet key is XPRV_ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE (./secrets/xprv_encryption.key, a compose
  secret), out of every environment variable and of a ./data backup
- setup.md no longer presents a second way to run the server (B-72)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

app/config.py

@@ -19,6 +19,14 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 class Settings(BaseSettings):
     model_config = SettingsConfigDict(env_file=".env", extra="ignore")
 
+    def model_post_init(self, __context) -> None:
+        if self.xprv_encryption_key_file and not self.xprv_encryption_key:
+            try:
+                with open(self.xprv_encryption_key_file) as f:
+                    self.xprv_encryption_key = f.read().strip()
+            except OSError:
+                pass  # validate_runtime_secrets reports it, naming the file
+
     database_url: str = "sqlite+aiosqlite:///./plm_lottery.db"
 
     electrum_host: str = "santantonio.sytes.net"
@@ -45,6 +53,10 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     start_paused: bool = False
 
     xprv_encryption_key: str = ""
+    # B-91 (SEC-53): the key as a file (a compose secret in the container), so it is in no
+    # environment variable and `docker inspect` cannot show it. When set it is read into
+    # `xprv_encryption_key` at load, which is what the rest of the code uses.
+    xprv_encryption_key_file: str = ""
     master_key_path: str = "./master.xprv.enc"
     jwt_secret: str = ""
     jwt_algorithm: str = "HS256"
@@ -95,8 +107,13 @@ def validate_runtime_secrets(config: Settings | None = None) -> None:
             '(generate: python -c "import secrets; print(secrets.token_urlsafe(32))")'
         )
     if not config.xprv_encryption_key.strip():
+        where = (
+            f"XPRV_ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE ({config.xprv_encryption_key_file}) is missing or empty"
+            if config.xprv_encryption_key_file
+            else "XPRV_ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE must point to a file holding the key"
+        )
         problems.append(
-            "XPRV_ENCRYPTION_KEY must be set (generate: python -c "
+            where + " (generate: python -c "
             '"from cryptography.fernet import Fernet; print(Fernet.generate_key().decode())")'
         )
     if problems:

app/wallet/verify.py

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ def verify_master_key() -> None:
     except Exception as exc:
         raise ConfigError(
             f"the master key at {settings.master_key_path} cannot be loaded ({type(exc).__name__}): "
-            "check MASTER_KEY_PATH and XPRV_ENCRYPTION_KEY"
+            "check MASTER_KEY_PATH and XPRV_ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE"
         ) from exc
     problems = sample_problems(account, load_sample(), settings.xprv_encryption_key)
     if problems: