import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from scipy.optimize import curve_fit # --- Dati --- df = pd.read_csv("data.csv") df["time_s"] = df["time since start [ms]"] / 1000.0 T_INF = 22.99 # temperatura ambiente media ponderata [°C] T_START = 115.0 # inizio finestra di fit [s] T0 = T_START # t0 coincide con il primo punto W_ZERO_START = 115.9 W_ZERO_END = 117.2 mask = df["time_s"] >= T_START t_fit = df.loc[mask, "time_s"].values T_fit = df.loc[mask, "temp_obj IR [C]"].values # Pesi espliciti: w=0 nell'intervallo escluso, w=1 altrove # curve_fit usa sigma come deviazione standard -> sigma grande = peso nullo sigma = np.where( (t_fit >= W_ZERO_START) & (t_fit <= W_ZERO_END), 1e10, # peso ~ 0 1.0 # peso pieno ) # --- Modello con A e tau liberi (ottimizza R²) --- def modello(t, A, tau): return T_INF + A * np.exp(-(t - T0) / tau) A0 = T_fit[0] - T_INF tau0 = 20.0 popt, pcov = curve_fit( modello, t_fit, T_fit, p0=[A0, tau0], sigma=sigma, absolute_sigma=True, method="trf", bounds=([0, 0.1], [np.inf, np.inf]) ) A_fit, tau_fit = popt perr = np.sqrt(np.diag(pcov)) # --- R² (solo sui punti con peso pieno) --- mask_w = (t_fit < W_ZERO_START) | (t_fit > W_ZERO_END) T_pred_w = modello(t_fit[mask_w], *popt) ss_res = np.sum((T_fit[mask_w] - T_pred_w) ** 2) ss_tot = np.sum((T_fit[mask_w] - T_fit[mask_w].mean()) ** 2) r2 = 1 - ss_res / ss_tot print(f"A = {A_fit:.4f} ± {perr[0]:.4f} °C") print(f"tau = {tau_fit:.4f} ± {perr[1]:.4f} s") print(f"R² = {r2:.6f} (calcolato sui punti con peso pieno)") # --- Curva continua --- t_curve = np.linspace(T_START, df["time_s"].max(), 500) T_curve = modello(t_curve, *popt) # --- Plot --- fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 5)) ax.plot(t_fit, T_fit, color="steelblue", linewidth=0.8, label="Dati raw (temp_obj)") ax.axvspan(W_ZERO_START, W_ZERO_END, color="orange", alpha=0.25, label=f"Zona esclusa [{W_ZERO_START}–{W_ZERO_END} s]") ax.plot(t_curve, T_curve, color="tomato", linewidth=2, linestyle="--", label=f"Fit: $T_{{\\infty}}$ + {A_fit:.2f}·exp(-(t-{T0})/{tau_fit:.2f})") ax.set_xlabel("Tempo [s]") ax.set_ylabel("Temperatura [°C]") ax.set_title(f"Fit con pesi espliciti (w=0 in [{W_ZERO_START}–{W_ZERO_END} s]) | R² = {r2:.4f}") ax.legend() ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3) plt.tight_layout() plt.savefig("fit_raffreddamento_intero.png", dpi=150, bbox_inches="tight") plt.show()